Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) for Children and Young People

Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), also known as dyspraxia, is a condition affecting physical coordination in children and adults. It causes a person to perform less well than expected in daily activities for their age, affecting fine and gross motor skills.

Signs of DCD in children include clumsiness, difficulty with tasks such as tying shoelaces or handwriting, bumping into objects, and struggling with sports or playground activities.

DCD is typically diagnosed by a healthcare professional, such as a paediatrician, occupational therapist, or educational psychologist. The process involves observing the child’s motor skills, taking a detailed developmental history, and sometimes conducting specific motor coordination tests.

The exact cause of DCD is unknown, but it is believed to be related to the way the brain processes information, resulting in message disruption between the brain and body. Genetic, prenatal, and early childhood factors may also contribute.

There is no cure for DCD, but with appropriate support and interventions, such as occupational therapy and physical therapy, children can improve their motor skills and better manage daily activities.

Treatments for DCD may include occupational therapy, physical therapy, and support with fine motor skills through specialised programmes. Schools can also provide additional support through Individual Education Plans (IEPs).

Teachers can support children with DCD by providing clear instructions, breaking tasks into smaller, manageable steps, allowing extra time for activities, and making use of assistive technology where appropriate.

Yes, there are many resources available including support groups, online forums, and organisations such as the Dyspraxia Foundation, which offer information, advice, and community support.

Yes, DCD can affect a child's academic performance, particularly in tasks involving writing, organisation, and concentration. However, with the right support, children with DCD can succeed academically.

DCD can co-occur with other developmental disorders such as ADHD, autism spectrum disorders, and learning disabilities. Comprehensive assessments can help identify these conditions for appropriate intervention.

DCD is relatively common, affecting about 5-6% of children in the UK. It is more commonly diagnosed in boys than in girls.

Physical activity is important in managing DCD as it can help improve motor skills, coordination, and overall physical health. Activities such as swimming, martial arts, and cycling can be particularly beneficial.

While children do not outgrow DCD, they can learn to manage the symptoms better with age and appropriate interventions. Many individuals continue to have motor coordination difficulties into adulthood, but they often find effective coping strategies.

You can support your child by encouraging practice of motor skills, providing structured routines, giving clear and simple instructions, using visual aids, and offering plenty of patience and encouragement.

Families in the UK can access financial support through Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children, which provides assistance for extra costs incurred due to a child's disability, including DCD.