Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)

Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a mental health condition characterised by excessive, uncontrollable worry about everyday situations. People with GAD often anticipate disaster and may be overly concerned about health, money, work, or family issues.

Symptoms of GAD include persistent worrying, restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbances. Symptoms must be present for at least six months to be classified as GAD.

In the UK, it's estimated that around 5% of the population will experience GAD at some point in their lives, making it one of the most common anxiety disorders.

The exact cause of GAD is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic, environmental, psychological, and developmental factors. Stressful or traumatic life events can also trigger or exacerbate symptoms.

GAD is diagnosed based on a detailed assessment by a healthcare professional, often including a questionnaire and a discussion of symptoms, medical history, and any other relevant factors. It can also involve ruling out other medical conditions that might cause similar symptoms.

Common treatments for GAD include cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), medication such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and lifestyle changes including regular exercise, healthy diet, and stress management techniques.

Yes, lifestyle changes like regular physical activity, a balanced diet, good sleep hygiene, and mindfulness practices can help manage GAD symptoms and improve overall well-being.

Medication is not always necessary but can be very effective for some people. Treatment plans are tailored to individual needs and may combine medication with therapy and lifestyle changes.

CBT is a highly effective treatment for GAD. It helps individuals identify and challenge negative thought patterns and behaviours, and develop healthier ways of thinking and coping with anxiety.

The duration of treatment varies depending on the individual and the severity of their symptoms. CBT may take several months, while medication effects can be seen within a few weeks, though long-term management strategies may be needed.

Yes, children and teenagers can develop GAD. It often involves excessive worry about school performance, social situations, and other pressures. Treatment for young people may include therapy and sometimes medication.

Support can include being patient, listening without judgement, encouraging them to seek professional help, and providing reassurance and understanding. It's also important to educate yourself about the condition.

Many people find significant relief from symptoms with appropriate treatment, though some may experience episodes of anxiety throughout their lives. Ongoing management strategies can help maintain good mental health.

Yes, there are numerous support groups and organisations that offer resources and community for individuals with GAD. Examples include Anxiety UK and Mind. These organisations provide information, peer support, and access to local groups.

While everyone experiences anxiety from time to time, GAD involves chronic and excessive worry that is disproportionate to the actual situation and affects daily functioning. It's persistent and impacts work, relationships, and other areas of life.