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Cervical Screening: How It's Done | NHS
What is Cervical Screening?
Cervical screening, also known as a smear test, is a vital procedure offered by the NHS to prevent cervical cancer. The test checks the health of cells in the cervix, the lower part of the womb connecting to the vagina. It's not a test for cancer but a method to detect abnormal cell changes that could potentially develop into cancer if left untreated.
Who Should Attend Cervical Screening?
In the United Kingdom, cervical screening is offered to women and people with a cervix aged 25 to 64. Invitations for regular screenings are sent by the NHS every three years for those aged 25 to 49, and every five years for those aged 50 to 64. It is crucial not to ignore these invitations, as early detection of abnormal cells can significantly reduce the risk of cervical cancer.
Preparing for the Test
Before your cervical screening appointment, there are a few steps you can take to help make the process smoother. Ideally, book your appointment for a time when you're not having your period. Wear a comfortable outfit, as you will need to undress from the waist down. If you feel anxious about the test, talking to your nurse beforehand can help ease your concerns.
The Cervical Screening Procedure
The screening itself is straightforward and usually takes around 5 minutes. During the test, a nurse or doctor will ask you to lie on your back with your knees bent and apart. They will gently insert a speculum into your vagina to hold it open and use a small soft brush to take a sample of cells from your cervix. You might feel some discomfort, but the procedure should not be painful.
After the Test
Once the sample is taken, it will be sent to a laboratory for analysis. You should receive your results within 2 weeks. The results may show that your cervix is healthy, or that there are minor cell changes which might require further follow-up. In rare cases, significant abnormalities could be found, necessitating additional tests or treatment.
Why Cervical Screening is Important
Cervical screening plays a crucial role in preventing cervical cancer by detecting early changes in cervical cells. Attending regular screenings significantly lowers the risk of developing cervical cancer, ensuring early intervention when necessary. It is a quick, simple, and potentially life-saving procedure that contributes to the overall well-being of women across the UK.
Conclusion
Understanding the cervical screening process and attending your appointments when invited is essential for maintaining your health. The NHS provides a reliable and effective cervical screening service aimed at preventing cervical cancer and promoting women's health. Do not hesitate to reach out to your GP with any questions or concerns you may have regarding cervical screening.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is cervical screening?
Cervical screening (a smear test) checks the health of your cervix. It's a way to prevent cervical cancer by finding and treating abnormal cells early.
Who should get cervical screening?
Women and people with a cervix aged 25 to 64 should have regular cervical screening.
How often should I have a cervical screening?
In the UK, those aged 25 to 49 should be screened every 3 years, and those aged 50 to 64 every 5 years.
What happens during a cervical screening?
A small sample of cells will be taken from your cervix using a soft brush. The test itself is usually very quick, taking only a few minutes.
Is cervical screening painful?
Some people may find cervical screening uncomfortable or a bit embarrassing, but it should not be painful. You can ask your healthcare professional to stop at any time if you need a break.
How do I prepare for a cervical screening?
There's no special preparation needed, but it's best to avoid scheduling your test during your period as this can affect the results.
What should I wear to my cervical screening appointment?
Wear something comfortable. You’ll be asked to remove clothing from your lower body, but a skirt might be more comfortable if you prefer to keep something on.
Can I have cervical screening if I'm pregnant?
It’s usually best to delay cervical screening until 12 weeks after childbirth. Discuss with your GP or midwife if screening is due during your pregnancy.
What happens if my cervical screening result is abnormal?
If the results are abnormal, you may need further tests to check for HPV (human papillomavirus) or more severe cell changes and decide if any treatment is needed.
Can I still have a cervical screening if I’ve had the HPV vaccine?
Yes, you should still attend cervical screening when invited. The HPV vaccine doesn’t protect against all types of HPV that can cause cervical cancer.
Where can I have my cervical screening done?
Cervical screening is usually done at your GP surgery or a local sexual health clinic.
Can I bring someone with me to my cervical screening appointment?
Yes, you can bring a friend or family member with you for support if it helps you feel more comfortable.
What if I miss my cervical screening appointment?
You can contact your GP surgery or clinic to reschedule your appointment if you miss it.
Will the results of my cervical screening be confidential?
Yes, your results will be treated confidentially and only shared with you and the healthcare professionals involved in your care.
What should I do if I’m worried about my cervical screening test?
If you have concerns or questions, speak to your GP or nurse. They can provide you with information and reassurance about the procedure.
Useful Links
Useful links from: Cervical screening: Q&A | NHS
- NHS - Cervical Screening Overview Provides comprehensive information on cervical screening including what it is, who it's for, and when it's offered.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Cervical Screening Offers detailed insights into cervical screening, addressing common questions and concerns that individuals might have.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening (Smear Test) Explains the cervical screening process, its importance in early detection of cervical cancer, and what to expect during a smear test.
- The Eve Appeal - Cervical Screening Information Focuses on raising awareness of gynaecological cancers and provides specific information about cervical screening.
Useful links from: Cervical screening for transgender men | NHS
- NHS - Cervical screening for transgender and non-binary people Information from the NHS about cervical screening specific to transgender and non-binary individuals, including eligibility and what the process involves.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Information for trans men and non-binary people Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust provides detailed information on cervical screening tailored for transgender men and non-binary individuals, addressing common concerns and questions.
- Gendered Intelligence - Cervical Screening Gendered Intelligence offers guidance and support around cervical screening for transgender men and non-binary people, aiming to make the process more inclusive and accessible.
- LGBT Foundation - Trans People and Screening Programs The LGBT Foundation provides resources and support for transgender individuals accessing screening programs, including cervical screening, with an aim to promote inclusivity and health equity.
Useful links from: Don’t ignore your cervical screening invite | NHS
- NHS - Cervical Screening Comprehensive information from the NHS about cervical screening, including how it's done, the benefits, and who is eligible.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Cervical Screening (Smear Test) A resource from Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust providing detailed information on cervical screening, addressing common concerns and frequently asked questions.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening (Smear Test) Cancer Research UK provides insights into cervical screening, its importance in preventing cervical cancer, and what to expect during the procedure.
- NHS - Cervical Screening Leaflet Downloadable leaflet from the NHS offering key details about cervical screening, aimed at helping individuals understand the importance and process of the test.
Useful links from: The NHS is #StillHereToHelp with cervical screening
- NHS - Cervical Screening Official NHS page providing comprehensive information about cervical screening, including who should get screened, what to expect during the procedure, and results interpretation.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust UK-based charity supporting those affected by cervical cancer and providing extensive resources on cervical screening, including information, support, and guidance.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Cancer Research UK's resource page on cervical screening, offering detailed explanations about the screening process, benefits, risks, and FAQs.
- NHS - How to Book a Cervical Screening Appointment NHS guide on how to book a cervical screening appointment, including step-by-step instructions and eligibility criteria.
Useful links from: Cervical screening: what to expect | NHS
- NHS - Cervical screening overview Provides comprehensive information on what cervical screening is, why it's done, who should get it, and how to prepare for your appointment.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Cervical Screening Information Offers detailed support and information for women undergoing cervical screening, including what to expect before, during, and after the test.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Explains the importance of cervical screening, how the test is performed, and provides statistics and research findings.
- NHS - What happens at cervical screening Details the step-by-step process of what happens during a cervical screening appointment, including tips for feeling more comfortable.
Useful links from: NHSGGC - Cervical Cancer Screening - English
- NHSGGC Cervical Screening The official NHSGGC page providing detailed information on cervical screening, including what the test involves, who is eligible, and how to make an appointment.
- NHS - Cervical Screening The NHS website offers comprehensive information on cervical screening, guidelines for patients, FAQs, and advice on what to expect during the screening.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust provides resources and support for those undergoing cervical screening, including educational materials, personal stories, and an expert helpline.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Cancer Research UK's section on cervical screening explains the testing process, benefits and risks, and research developments in cervical cancer prevention and early detection.
Useful links from: Booked in for your smear test (cervical screening) and not sure what to expect?
- NHS - Cervical Screening Comprehensive information on cervical screening, including what it is, who should have it, and what happens during the procedure.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - What to Expect at Your Smear Test Detailed guidance on what to expect from your cervical screening (smear test) appointment, providing reassurance and practical tips.
- NHS Inform - Cervical Screening Scotland’s health information service providing details on cervical screening, how to prepare, and what the results may mean.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Information from Cancer Research UK on cervical screening, including how it can prevent cervical cancer and what to expect during the test.
Useful links from: Cervical screening (smear test) – what’s it all about?
- NHS - Cervical screening overview Comprehensive guide by the NHS covering who should get screened, what happens during cervical screening (a smear test), and how to understand your results.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Smear test guide Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust provides an in-depth guide about cervical screening, including what to expect, frequently asked questions, and support for those feeling anxious.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical screening (smear test) Information from Cancer Research UK about the importance of cervical screening, how it is done, and what the results mean, along with risks and benefits.
- NHS Inform - Cervical screening NHS Inform provides a detailed explanation of cervical screening in Scotland, including why it's important, who should go, and what to expect during the test.
Useful links from: What is cervical screening (smear test)?
- NHS - Cervical Screening Official NHS page providing comprehensive information on cervical screening (smear tests), including eligibility, the screening process, and what results mean.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Cervical Screening Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust's dedicated page to cervical screening (smear tests), offering guidance, support, and personal stories.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Cancer Research UK's detailed information on cervical screening, including the benefits, the screening procedure, and understanding results.
- Public Health England - Cervical Screening: Helping You Decide Public Health England's guide to cervical screening, designed to help individuals make an informed decision about attending.
Useful links from: Accessing cervical screening with the right support for people with a learning disability
- NHS - Cervical Screening Comprehensive guide on cervical screening provided by the NHS, including what to expect, why it's important, and how to prepare.
- NHS - Help for People with Learning Disabilities - Cervical Screening NHS resource designed to support people with learning disabilities in understanding and accessing cervical screening services, including easy-read guides and support materials.
- Mencap - Cervical Screening Mencap's dedicated page on cervical screening for women with learning disabilities, offering information, tips, and resources to help them access these important health services.
- Jo's Trust - Accessing Cervical Screening with a Learning Disability Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust provides specific advice and information for women with learning disabilities to overcome barriers to cervical screening, including tailored support and advocacy.
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