Cervical screening (smear test) – what’s it all about?

Cervical Screening (Smear Test) – What’s It All About?

Introduction to Cervical Screening

Cervical screening, commonly referred to as a smear test, is a crucial health check for women in the UK. It aims to prevent cervical cancer by detecting early abnormalities in the cervix that could potentially develop into cancer. The test’s importance cannot be overstated, as it saves thousands of lives each year.

Who Should Have a Cervical Screening?

In the UK, cervical screening is routinely offered to women and people with a cervix aged 25 to 64. The screening intervals are as follows:

• Every 3 years for those aged 25 to 49.
• Every 5 years for those aged 50 to 64.

Those over 65 will only be invited if one of their last three tests was abnormal.

The Screening Process

During a cervical screening appointment, a small sample of cells is taken from the cervix using a soft brush. This procedure is usually quick and may cause some mild discomfort but should not be painful. The sample is then tested for high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), which can cause cell changes in the cervix.

Understanding Your Results

Screening results typically arrive within 2 weeks. There are three main outcomes:

• Normal results: No changes have been found, and the next routine screening should be around three or five years later.
• Inadequate results: The sample was not conclusive, and you might need to repeat the test.
• Abnormal results: Cell changes have been found, often called dyskaryosis. This may require further testing or treatment to prevent the development of cervical cancer.

The Importance of Regular Screening

Regular cervical screening is crucial for early detection and prevention of cervical cancer. It helps to identify potentially harmful cells before they become cancerous, thus reducing the risk significantly. Even if vaccinated against HPV, continuing with regular screenings is essential as the vaccine does not protect against all types of HPV.

Addressing Common Concerns

Many women may feel anxious or embarrassed about the procedure. It’s important to remember that the test is performed by trained healthcare professionals who conduct these screenings routinely. If you have concerns, speak to your nurse or GP who can provide reassurance and answer any questions.

Conclusion

Cervical screening is a simple yet vital procedure that plays a significant role in safeguarding women's health. By attending your scheduled smear tests, you take an active step in the early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.