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Cervical Screening: Q&A | NHS
What is Cervical Screening?
Cervical screening, also known as a smear test, is a method of preventing cervical cancer by detecting and treating early abnormalities in the cervix. In the UK, the NHS cervical screening program invites women aged 25 to 64 for regular screenings to ensure that any precancerous changes are spotted and managed early.
Why is Cervical Screening Important?
Cervical screening saves lives by identifying potentially harmful changes in cervical cells before they develop into cancer. It is estimated that early detection and treatment through screening prevents around 75% of cervical cancers.
When Should You Get Screened?
The NHS recommends the following screening schedule:
- Aged 25-49: Every 3 years
- Aged 50-64: Every 5 years
What Happens During the Cervical Screening Test?
During the test, a small sample of cells from your cervix is collected using a soft brush. This sample is then sent to a laboratory to check for abnormalities, including the presence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV), which can cause cervical cell changes that might lead to cancer if untreated.
Is the Test Painful?
While some women may find the cervical screening test uncomfortable, it should not be painful. Any discomfort typically only lasts for a very short time, and the benefits of the test far outweigh any slight inconvenience.
How Will I Get My Results?
Your results will be sent to you by letter within a few weeks. The letter will explain what was found and indicate whether any further tests or treatments are necessary. Around 90% of women have a normal result, but if an abnormality is detected, appropriate follow-up care will be arranged.
Where Can I Get More Information?
For more information about cervical screening, you can visit the NHS Cervical Screening webpage, speak with your GP, or contact local health services. Always ensure to keep your contact details up-to-date with your GP practice so you don't miss any important screening invitations.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is cervical screening?
Cervical screening (a smear test) checks the health of your cervix. It's a test to help prevent cancer.
Who is cervical screening for?
Cervical screening is for all women and people with a cervix aged 25 to 64.
How often should I have cervical screening?
If you are aged 25 to 49, you should have a test every 3 years. For those aged 50 to 64, it should be every 5 years.
What happens during cervical screening?
A small sample of cells is taken from your cervix using a soft brush. The sample is then tested for HPV and abnormal cells.
Is cervical screening mandatory?
No, cervical screening is not mandatory, but it is highly recommended.
Does cervical screening test for cancer?
Cervical screening is not a test for cancer; it checks for abnormal cells that could develop into cancer.
What is HPV and why is it important in cervical screening?
HPV (human papillomavirus) can cause abnormal cell changes in the cervix. Cervical screening checks for high-risk types of HPV.
Will the cervical screening test hurt?
Cervical screening can be uncomfortable but should not be painful. It's a quick procedure, usually lasting less than 5 minutes.
How will I get my results?
You will receive your results by letter within 2 weeks.
What do the results mean?
Results will indicate whether HPV was found and if so, whether there were any abnormal cell changes.
What if I have abnormal results?
If you have abnormal results, you may need further testing or treatment to remove abnormal cells and prevent them from becoming cancerous.
Can I have cervical screening if I'm pregnant?
It's usually best to delay screening until at least 12 weeks after you've had your baby unless you have recently missed a screening or had an abnormal result.
Can I have cervical screening during my period?
It's best to rearrange your appointment if you're having a period as it can make the test less accurate.
Are there risks associated with cervical screening?
The risks are very low. However, there can be false positives or negatives, which is why regular screening is important.
How can I make an appointment for cervical screening?
You can make an appointment at your GP surgery or local sexual health clinic.
Useful Links
Useful links from: Cervical screening for transgender men | NHS
- NHS - Cervical screening for transgender and non-binary people Information from the NHS about cervical screening specific to transgender and non-binary individuals, including eligibility and what the process involves.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Information for trans men and non-binary people Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust provides detailed information on cervical screening tailored for transgender men and non-binary individuals, addressing common concerns and questions.
- Gendered Intelligence - Cervical Screening Gendered Intelligence offers guidance and support around cervical screening for transgender men and non-binary people, aiming to make the process more inclusive and accessible.
- LGBT Foundation - Trans People and Screening Programs The LGBT Foundation provides resources and support for transgender individuals accessing screening programs, including cervical screening, with an aim to promote inclusivity and health equity.
Useful links from: Don’t ignore your cervical screening invite | NHS
- NHS - Cervical Screening Comprehensive information from the NHS about cervical screening, including how it's done, the benefits, and who is eligible.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Cervical Screening (Smear Test) A resource from Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust providing detailed information on cervical screening, addressing common concerns and frequently asked questions.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening (Smear Test) Cancer Research UK provides insights into cervical screening, its importance in preventing cervical cancer, and what to expect during the procedure.
- NHS - Cervical Screening Leaflet Downloadable leaflet from the NHS offering key details about cervical screening, aimed at helping individuals understand the importance and process of the test.
Useful links from: Cervical screening: how it's done | NHS
- NHS - Cervical screening: How it's done Overview by the NHS on how cervical screening (smear test) is performed, including preparation, the procedure itself, and what to expect afterward.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Cervical Screening: The test itself Provided by Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust, this page offers detailed information on what happens during a cervical screening test, helping to alleviate any concerns.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical screening tests Cancer Research UK provides an in-depth look at the cervical screening test, including how it is done, what the results might mean, and follow-up procedures.
- NHS Inform - Cervical screening NHS Inform's page on cervical screening details the appointment process, preparation tips, the procedure itself, and follow-up information.
Useful links from: The NHS is #StillHereToHelp with cervical screening
- NHS - Cervical Screening Official NHS page providing comprehensive information about cervical screening, including who should get screened, what to expect during the procedure, and results interpretation.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust UK-based charity supporting those affected by cervical cancer and providing extensive resources on cervical screening, including information, support, and guidance.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Cancer Research UK's resource page on cervical screening, offering detailed explanations about the screening process, benefits, risks, and FAQs.
- NHS - How to Book a Cervical Screening Appointment NHS guide on how to book a cervical screening appointment, including step-by-step instructions and eligibility criteria.
Useful links from: Cervical screening: what to expect | NHS
- NHS - Cervical screening overview Provides comprehensive information on what cervical screening is, why it's done, who should get it, and how to prepare for your appointment.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Cervical Screening Information Offers detailed support and information for women undergoing cervical screening, including what to expect before, during, and after the test.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Explains the importance of cervical screening, how the test is performed, and provides statistics and research findings.
- NHS - What happens at cervical screening Details the step-by-step process of what happens during a cervical screening appointment, including tips for feeling more comfortable.
Useful links from: NHSGGC - Cervical Cancer Screening - English
- NHSGGC Cervical Screening The official NHSGGC page providing detailed information on cervical screening, including what the test involves, who is eligible, and how to make an appointment.
- NHS - Cervical Screening The NHS website offers comprehensive information on cervical screening, guidelines for patients, FAQs, and advice on what to expect during the screening.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust provides resources and support for those undergoing cervical screening, including educational materials, personal stories, and an expert helpline.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Cancer Research UK's section on cervical screening explains the testing process, benefits and risks, and research developments in cervical cancer prevention and early detection.
Useful links from: Booked in for your smear test (cervical screening) and not sure what to expect?
- NHS - Cervical Screening Comprehensive information on cervical screening, including what it is, who should have it, and what happens during the procedure.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - What to Expect at Your Smear Test Detailed guidance on what to expect from your cervical screening (smear test) appointment, providing reassurance and practical tips.
- NHS Inform - Cervical Screening Scotland’s health information service providing details on cervical screening, how to prepare, and what the results may mean.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Information from Cancer Research UK on cervical screening, including how it can prevent cervical cancer and what to expect during the test.
Useful links from: Cervical screening (smear test) – what’s it all about?
- NHS - Cervical screening overview Comprehensive guide by the NHS covering who should get screened, what happens during cervical screening (a smear test), and how to understand your results.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Smear test guide Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust provides an in-depth guide about cervical screening, including what to expect, frequently asked questions, and support for those feeling anxious.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical screening (smear test) Information from Cancer Research UK about the importance of cervical screening, how it is done, and what the results mean, along with risks and benefits.
- NHS Inform - Cervical screening NHS Inform provides a detailed explanation of cervical screening in Scotland, including why it's important, who should go, and what to expect during the test.
Useful links from: What is cervical screening (smear test)?
- NHS - Cervical Screening Official NHS page providing comprehensive information on cervical screening (smear tests), including eligibility, the screening process, and what results mean.
- Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust - Cervical Screening Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust's dedicated page to cervical screening (smear tests), offering guidance, support, and personal stories.
- Cancer Research UK - Cervical Screening Cancer Research UK's detailed information on cervical screening, including the benefits, the screening procedure, and understanding results.
- Public Health England - Cervical Screening: Helping You Decide Public Health England's guide to cervical screening, designed to help individuals make an informed decision about attending.
Useful links from: Accessing cervical screening with the right support for people with a learning disability
- NHS - Cervical Screening Comprehensive guide on cervical screening provided by the NHS, including what to expect, why it's important, and how to prepare.
- NHS - Help for People with Learning Disabilities - Cervical Screening NHS resource designed to support people with learning disabilities in understanding and accessing cervical screening services, including easy-read guides and support materials.
- Mencap - Cervical Screening Mencap's dedicated page on cervical screening for women with learning disabilities, offering information, tips, and resources to help them access these important health services.
- Jo's Trust - Accessing Cervical Screening with a Learning Disability Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust provides specific advice and information for women with learning disabilities to overcome barriers to cervical screening, including tailored support and advocacy.
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