Causes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine, causing symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and diarrhoea or constipation.

The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but it is believed to be related to factors like diet, stress, gut-brain interaction, bacterial overgrowth, food sensitivity, and genetic predisposition.

Yes, stress is a significant factor that can trigger IBS symptoms. The gut and brain are closely connected, and mental or emotional stress can affect gut function.

There is evidence to suggest that IBS can run in families, indicating a potential genetic component to the disorder.

Yes, specific foods and drinks can trigger IBS symptoms in some people. Common triggers include fatty foods, dairy products, alcohol, caffeine, and foods high in FODMAPs.

FODMAPs are short-chain carbohydrates that are poorly absorbed in the small intestine and can cause symptoms in people with IBS. They include certain types of sugars, fibers, and artificial sweeteners.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) has been linked to IBS. An imbalance of bacteria in the gut can lead to the symptoms associated with the disorder.

IBS is usually diagnosed based on symptoms and by ruling out other conditions. Doctors may use criteria like the Rome IV criteria and perform tests such as stool tests, blood tests, and colonoscopy.

There is no cure for IBS, but symptoms can be managed effectively with lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, stress management, and medications.

Yes, hormonal changes, especially related to the menstrual cycle, can trigger or worsen IBS symptoms in women.

IBS does not lead to more serious conditions like colorectal cancer, but it can significantly impact quality of life. It is important to manage symptoms and consult a doctor for proper guidance.

Lifestyle changes that can help manage IBS include maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate hydration, and stress reduction techniques like mindfulness and relaxation exercises.

Medications for IBS may include antispasmodics, laxatives or anti-diarrhoeal drugs, and low-dose antidepressants to help relieve symptoms. It is essential to consult a doctor for a personalised treatment plan.

Probiotics can benefit some people with IBS by restoring a healthy balance of gut bacteria, although their effectiveness varies from person to person. It is advisable to talk to a healthcare provider before starting probiotics.

Support and information about IBS can be found through organisations like The IBS Network, NHS resources, and consulting with healthcare providers. Support groups and online forums can also be helpful.