Causes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Causes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Genetic Factors

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) might have a genetic predisposition. Research suggests that individuals with family members suffering from IBS might be more susceptible to developing the condition themselves. This implies a potential hereditary link, although the exact genetic markers remain under investigation.

Dietary Influences

The diet of individuals in the United Kingdom has been linked to the onset of IBS. High-fat foods, spicy meals, alcohol, and caffeinated beverages can trigger IBS symptoms in susceptible individuals. Additionally, artificial sweeteners and certain fibers found in processed foods might aggravate the bowel.

Gut-Brain Interaction

There is increasing evidence that IBS is linked to problems with the interaction between the brain and the gut. Stress and anxiety can exacerbate IBS symptoms, as the gut is sensitive to mental health. Psychological factors may alter gastrointestinal function, leading to discomfort and irregular bowel movements.

Gastrointestinal Infections

Post-infectious IBS occurs when individuals develop the condition following a bout of acute gastroenteritis. The inflammation from the infection can lead to changes in the gut's normal functioning, resulting in chronic symptoms of IBS even after the infection has cleared.

Intestinal Flora Imbalance

An imbalance in the gut microbiota, the community of microbes living in the intestines, can contribute to IBS. A reduction in beneficial bacteria or an overgrowth of harmful bacteria can disrupt normal bowel function and cause IBS symptoms. Probiotic treatments may help restore balance in some cases.

Food Intolerances

Food intolerances, particularly to lactose, gluten, and certain fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAPs), are commonly linked to IBS. The inability to properly digest these substances can lead to bloating, gas, and bowel irregularities, which are characteristic symptoms of IBS.

Hormonal Changes

Hormonal fluctuations, particularly in women, can influence IBS symptoms. Many women report worsening symptoms during their menstrual cycles, suggesting that hormonal changes play a role in the severity and frequency of IBS episodes.