How do I deal with burns and scalds? (9 to 30 months) | NHS

How to Deal with Burns and Scalds (9 to 30 Months) | NHS

Understanding Burns and Scalds

Burns and scalds are common injuries that can happen to young children, especially those aged 9 to 30 months as they begin to explore their environment. A burn is caused by dry heat, like a fire or iron, while a scald is caused by wet heat, such as hot water or steam. It’s crucial to respond quickly and correctly to minimize damage and aid healing.

Initial Treatment Steps

1. **Cool the Burn**: Immediately place the burn or scald under cool running water for at least 20 minutes. This helps to reduce swelling and pain, and prevent further skin damage. Do not use ice, iced water, or greasy substances such as butter. 2. **Remove Clothing and Jewelry**: Carefully remove any clothing and jewelry around the affected area unless it is stuck to the skin. This helps to avoid additional injury and allows the skin to cool appropriately. 3. **Cover the Burn**: Once cooled, cover the burn with cling film, a clean, non-fluffy cloth, or a sterile dressing. This helps to keep the area clean and free from infection.

When to Seek Medical Help

- **Severity**: If the burn is larger than the size of the child’s hand or affects sensitive areas like the face, hands, feet, joints, or genitals, seek immediate medical help. - **Blisters**: Do not burst any blisters that form. Burst blisters can become infected. Let a healthcare professional assess the situation. - **Pain Management**: If the child is in a lot of pain and you’ve administered appropriate child-strength painkillers but they are still in distress, get medical attention.

Preventing Burns and Scalds

- **Keep Hot Liquids Out of Reach**: Always place hot drinks and pots out of reach of children. Use the back burners on stoves and turn pot handles away from the edge. - **Use Barriers**: Install safety gates in the kitchen and use fireguards around fireplaces and heaters. - **Check Water Temperature**: Before placing your child in the bath, always check the water temperature with your wrist or elbow to ensure it is not too hot.

Aftercare and Monitoring

- **Check for Signs of Infection**: Keep an eye on the burn area for redness, swelling, pus, or increased pain, which could indicate infection. If you notice any of these signs, consult a healthcare professional. - **Keep the Area Clean and Dry**: Follow the advice given by your healthcare provider on dressing changes and maintaining cleanliness to prevent infection.

Conclusion

Burns and scalds need prompt and appropriate action to ensure they heal properly with minimal complications. By following these steps, you can effectively manage a burn or scald and know when to seek professional help. Prevention is key, so take proactive measures to keep your child safe from potential hazards. For more detailed advice, always refer to the NHS guidelines or consult with a healthcare professional.