What happens during a colonoscopy?

What Happens During a Colonoscopy?

Preparation Before the Procedure

Before undergoing a colonoscopy, patients in the UK need to follow specific preparation instructions to ensure the bowel is clear for the procedure. A few days prior, you will be advised to adhere to a low-fibre diet. The day before the procedure, you'll need to take a strong laxative. It’s also crucial to keep hydrated with clear fluids. Your healthcare provider will give you precise guidelines.

The Day of the Procedure

On the day of your colonoscopy, you’ll be asked to arrive at the hospital or clinic well in advance. After checking in, you'll be given a hospital gown to wear. Many patients are also offered a sedative or pain reliever to ensure comfort during the procedure. Standard monitoring equipment will be used to keep track of your vital signs throughout the process.

The Procedure Itself

During a colonoscopy, the patient is asked to lie on their side on an examination table. The doctor then inserts a long, flexible tube called a colonoscope into the rectum. The colonoscope has a tiny video camera at its tip, which allows the doctor to view the inside of the entire colon. The tube also pumps air to inflate the colon slightly, which improves the visibility of the colon walls.

Identifying and Addressing Issues

As the doctor navigates through the colon, they will look for abnormal tissues, polyps, or signs of colorectal cancer. If polyps are found, they can often be removed using tiny instruments passed through the colonoscope. Tissue samples (biopsies) can also be taken to be analysed later. The whole process generally takes about 30 to 60 minutes.

Post-Procedure Care

After the colonoscopy, patients are moved to a recovery area where nurses will monitor them until the effects of the sedative wear off. You may experience some bloating or cramps due to the air introduced into the colon. Discharge instructions will be provided, advising against driving or operating machinery for the rest of the day. Most people can resume normal activities the following day.

Receiving Results

Initial results from the colonoscopy might be discussed immediately after the procedure. However, if biopsies were taken, the detailed results could take a few days or even a couple of weeks. Based on the findings, your healthcare provider will discuss any follow-up care or additional procedures necessary. It is important to remember that while a colonoscopy can be uncomfortable, it is a crucial tool for identifying and preventing serious illnesses. Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions for the best outcomes.