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Having a Colonoscopy in Hospital - Patient Guide
Introduction
A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that allows doctors to examine the inside of your large intestine (colon) using a flexible tube with a camera called a colonoscope. This guide provides essential information for patients in the United Kingdom who are scheduled to have a colonoscopy in a hospital setting.
Preparation
Preparation is crucial for a successful colonoscopy. You will need to follow a specific diet and take a bowel preparation solution to clear your intestines. You might be advised to avoid high-fibre foods a few days prior and switch to clear liquids (such as broth and clear juices) the day before the procedure. Detailed instructions will be provided by your healthcare team.
During the Procedure
On the day of the colonoscopy, you will be given sedation to ensure you are comfortable. The colonoscope will be inserted into your rectum and gently threaded through your colon. The doctor may take biopsies or remove polyps if necessary. The entire process usually takes about 30-60 minutes.
Post-Procedure
After the procedure, you will be monitored until the effects of the sedation wear off. You might experience some bloating or cramping, which generally subsides quickly. It's important to arrange for someone to drive you home, as it may not be safe for you to do so yourself. Your doctor will discuss the findings with you and provide any necessary follow-up instructions.
Possible Risks
While colonoscopies are generally safe, there are some risks to be aware of, including bleeding, infection, and perforation of the colon. If you experience severe abdominal pain, fever, or significant bleeding after the procedure, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Conclusion
Having a colonoscopy is an essential tool in diagnosing and preventing various gastrointestinal conditions, including colorectal cancer. By following your healthcare provider's instructions, you can help ensure a smooth and effective procedure. If you have any concerns or questions, do not hesitate to reach out to your medical team for support.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a colonoscopy?
A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that allows a doctor to examine the inner lining of your large intestine (colon and rectum) using a thin, flexible tube called a colonoscope.
Why do I need a colonoscopy?
A colonoscopy is performed to investigate symptoms such as abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits, and to screen for colorectal cancer or polyps.
How do I prepare for a colonoscopy?
Preparation includes following a special diet and taking a bowel-cleansing solution as prescribed by your doctor to ensure your bowel is empty during the procedure.
Can I eat or drink before the procedure?
Typically, you will need to follow a clear liquid diet the day before the procedure and avoid eating or drinking anything after midnight on the day of the examination.
Will I be sedated during the colonoscopy?
Most patients receive a sedative to help them relax and minimize discomfort during the procedure. You will be given instructions about fasting and post-procedure care.
How long does a colonoscopy take?
The procedure itself usually takes about 30 to 60 minutes, but you should plan on being at the hospital for a few hours to allow time for preparation and recovery.
Is the procedure painful?
A colonoscopy is generally well-tolerated. Sedation is commonly used to reduce discomfort, and you may feel some pressure or cramping during the procedure.
Can I drive home after the procedure?
You should not drive for at least 24 hours after receiving sedation. Please arrange for someone to take you home after your colonoscopy.
What are the risks of a colonoscopy?
Risks are low but may include bleeding, especially if a biopsy is taken or a polyp is removed, and perforation of the colon, which is rare.
What happens if the doctor finds a polyp?
If a polyp is found, the doctor may remove it during the colonoscopy. Polyps are generally sent to a laboratory for further analysis.
How will I feel after the procedure?
You may feel bloated or have some gas after the procedure due to air inserted into the colon. Sedation can also make you feel groggy for a few hours.
When will I know the results?
The doctor may share initial findings right after the procedure. Biopsy results or further analysis of any removed polyps will be available in a few days.
What should I do if I experience complications after the colonoscopy?
If you experience severe abdominal pain, fever, or significant bleeding, contact your doctor immediately or go to the nearest A&E department.
How often should I have a colonoscopy?
It depends on your risk factors and medical history. Your doctor will recommend a screening schedule based on individual risk assessments.
Is there an alternative to a colonoscopy?
Alternatives include flexible sigmoidoscopy, CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy), and stool tests. Discuss with your doctor which option is best for you.
Useful Links
Useful links from: What happens during a colonoscopy? | NHS
- Colonoscopy - NHS Comprehensive guide from the NHS detailing what to expect before, during, and after a colonoscopy, including preparation and potential risks.
- Colonoscopy - Bowel Cancer UK Information from Bowel Cancer UK on what a colonoscopy involves, how to prepare, and what the test results mean.
- Colonoscopy Information - Cancer Research UK Detailed information on colonoscopies from Cancer Research UK, including why it's done, how to prepare, and what happens during the procedure.
- Having a colonoscopy - Macmillan Cancer Support Macmillan Cancer Support's guide on having a colonoscopy, including what to expect, benefits, and possible side effects.
Useful links from: What to expect at your colonoscopy
- NHS - Colonoscopy The NHS provides detailed information on what a colonoscopy involves, how to prepare, what happens during the procedure, and aftercare.
- Cancer Research UK - Colonoscopy Cancer Research UK's guide on colonoscopy, including why it is done, what happens during and after the procedure, and possible risks.
- Bowel Cancer UK - Colonoscopy Bowel Cancer UK's section on colonoscopy discusses the importance of the procedure in detecting bowel cancer, preparation tips, and what to expect.
- Macmillan Cancer Support - Colonoscopy Macmillan Cancer Support provides a comprehensive overview of colonoscopy, covering reasons for the test, the procedure itself, and recovery.
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