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Coeliac Disease Explained - Gluten Sensitivity - A to Z of the NHS - Dr Gill
Introduction to Coeliac Disease
Coeliac disease is an autoimmune condition where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine. For individuals with coeliac disease, consuming gluten—a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye—triggers an immune response that attacks the lining of the small intestine, affecting nutrient absorption.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Symptoms of coeliac disease can vary widely and may include chronic diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bloating, and weight loss. Other symptoms can be more subtle, such as fatigue, iron-deficiency anaemia, and joint pain. A proper diagnosis is crucial and usually involves blood tests to look for specific antibodies, followed by a biopsy of the small intestine to confirm the presence of damage.
Treatment and Management
The only effective treatment for coeliac disease is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet. This means avoiding all foods containing wheat, barley, and rye. Patients in the UK can access a variety of gluten-free products through prescriptions from the NHS. Regular follow-up with healthcare providers is also essential to monitor the condition and ensure nutritional adequacy.
Living with Coeliac Disease in the UK
Managing coeliac disease in the UK involves not only dietary changes but also lifestyle adjustments. The NHS offers support through dietitian services and informational resources. Additionally, many supermarkets and restaurants are increasingly aware of gluten-free needs, making it more convenient to maintain a gluten-free diet.
Conclusion
Coeliac disease is a serious condition that requires careful management through a gluten-free diet. With the support of the NHS and access to gluten-free products, individuals with coeliac disease in the UK can lead healthy and active lives. For more information, consult your healthcare provider or visit the NHS website.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is coeliac disease?
Coeliac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine.
What are the symptoms of coeliac disease?
Symptoms can include digestive issues such as diarrhea, bloating, gas, and constipation, as well as other symptoms like fatigue, anemia, and joint pain.
How is coeliac disease diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to detect specific antibodies and an endoscopy to take a biopsy of the small intestine.
What is gluten sensitivity?
Gluten sensitivity, also known as non-coeliac gluten sensitivity, is a condition where individuals experience symptoms similar to coeliac disease but do not test positive for it.
What foods should I avoid if I have coeliac disease?
You should avoid foods containing wheat, barley, rye, and any derivatives of these grains.
Are oats safe for people with coeliac disease?
Pure, uncontaminated oats are generally considered safe, but some individuals may still react to them. It's best to consult with a healthcare provider.
Can coeliac disease develop at any age?
Yes, coeliac disease can develop at any age, from early childhood to adulthood.
Is coeliac disease hereditary?
Yes, there is a genetic component to coeliac disease. Having a close relative with coeliac disease increases your risk of developing the condition.
Can I take medicines that contain gluten?
Always check with your healthcare provider, as some medications may contain gluten. There are gluten-free alternatives available.
Is there a cure for coeliac disease?
No, there is no cure for coeliac disease, but it can be managed effectively by following a strict gluten-free diet.
What happens if coeliac disease is left untreated?
Untreated coeliac disease can lead to serious complications, such as malnutrition, bone weakness, infertility, and increased risk of certain cancers.
Is a gluten-free diet healthy for everyone?
A gluten-free diet is necessary for individuals with coeliac disease and gluten sensitivity but may not provide additional health benefits for those without these conditions.
Are gluten-free products readily available in the UK?
Yes, gluten-free products are widely available in supermarkets, health food stores, and online in the UK.
How can I ensure that my diet is nutritionally balanced?
Consult with a dietitian to create a balanced gluten-free diet that includes all necessary nutrients.
Can I eat out at restaurants with coeliac disease?
Yes, but you need to be cautious. Inform the restaurant staff about your condition and ask about gluten-free options to avoid cross-contamination.
Useful Links
Useful links from: Coeliac Disease: Session 1: What is Coeliac Disease?
- NHS - Coeliac disease Official NHS page on Coeliac disease, explaining what it is, symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options available.
- Coeliac UK - What is Coeliac disease? Comprehensive information from Coeliac UK, a leading charity, on what Coeliac disease is, including symptoms, diagnosis, and managing the condition.
- Coeliac UK - Newly diagnosed Dedicated section by Coeliac UK for those newly diagnosed with Coeliac disease, offering guidance and support for understanding and managing the condition.
- NHS Inform - Coeliac disease A reliable resource from NHS Inform providing detailed information on Coeliac disease, including symptoms, diagnosis, and how to live with the disease.
Useful links from: Diagnosing Coeliac Disease Updated 2021
- NHS - Coeliac disease This NHS page provides comprehensive information about coeliac disease, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and living with the condition.
- Coeliac UK - Diagnosis Coeliac UK offers detailed guidance on how coeliac disease is diagnosed, including what to expect from a blood test and biopsy.
- NICE - Coeliac disease: recognition, assessment and management (NG20) The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline NG20 covers the recognition, assessment, and management of coeliac disease.
- Guts UK - Coeliac Disease Information Guts UK provides information on coeliac disease, its symptoms, how it is diagnosed, and the treatments available.
Useful links from: Living Well with Coeliac Disease
- NHS - Coeliac disease Overview of coeliac disease including symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and living with the condition from the National Health Service (NHS).
- Coeliac UK - Living with Coeliac Disease Comprehensive resource on living with coeliac disease provided by Coeliac UK, the charity dedicated to supporting those with the condition and their families.
- NHS - Coeliac disease: Foods to avoid Advice on foods to avoid with coeliac disease and substitutes that are available, from the NHS.
- Coeliac UK - Gluten-Free Diet Information on maintaining a gluten-free diet and lifestyle from Coeliac UK, including guidance on food labeling and eating out.
Useful links from: Coeliac disease
- NHS - Coeliac Disease The NHS page on Coeliac Disease provides comprehensive information about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and living with the condition.
- Coeliac UK Coeliac UK is a charity that offers support, information, and resources for those affected by coeliac disease. Their website features guides on gluten-free living, research updates, and membership benefits.
- NHS - Gluten-Free Diet This NHS page provides detailed information about gluten-free diets, including tips for managing coeliac disease through dietary changes and ensuring nutritional balance.
- Gluten Free Food Trust The Gluten Free Food Trust is a UK-based charity dedicated to advocating for those with coeliac disease. They offer information on finding safe foods, navigating social situations, and the latest on gluten-free research.
Useful links from: Causes of coeliac disease
- NHS - Coeliac disease Provides information on the causes of coeliac disease, including genetic factors and how the immune system reacts to gluten.
- Coeliac UK - What causes coeliac disease? Explains the factors that may contribute to the development of coeliac disease, focusing on genetic predisposition and environmental triggers.
- NHS Inform - Coeliac Disease Offers comprehensive details on coeliac disease, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
- Coeliac UK - Coeliac Disease: Symptoms and Diagnosis Provides information on the various symptoms of coeliac disease and how it is diagnosed, as well as factors that can aggravate the condition.
Useful links from: NHSGGC - What is Coeliac Disease?
- NHS - Coeliac disease Comprehensive guide on coeliac disease provided by the NHS, covering symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and living with the condition.
- Coeliac UK - What is coeliac disease? Detailed information about coeliac disease from Coeliac UK, a leading charity for people with the condition. Includes resources for diagnosis, diet, and support.
- Gluten Free Society UK - Coeliac disease Resources and support provided by the Gluten Free Society UK, focusing on the causes, symptoms, and management of coeliac disease.
- British Dietetic Association - Coeliac disease Professional guidance from the British Dietetic Association on managing coeliac disease, including dietary advice and nutritional information.
Useful links from: Symptoms of coeliac disease
- NHS - Coeliac disease Comprehensive information from the NHS on coeliac disease, its symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and management.
- Coeliac UK - Symptoms of coeliac disease Coeliac UK provides detailed insights into the various symptoms of coeliac disease, including digestive and non-digestive symptoms.
- NHS Inform - Coeliac Disease NHS Inform offers a thorough overview of coeliac disease, focusing on symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options.
- Coeliac UK - Living with coeliac disease This page from Coeliac UK provides support and information for people living with coeliac disease, including dietary advice and symptom management.
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