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Symptoms of Coeliac Disease
Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Coeliac disease primarily affects the digestive system, leading to a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms. Commonly reported symptoms include persistent diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bloating, and excessive flatulence. Some individuals may also experience nausea, vomiting, or constipation. These symptoms can range from mild to severe, and they often flare up after consuming gluten-containing foods such as bread, pasta, and cakes.
Non-Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Aside from gastrointestinal issues, coeliac disease can manifest in a number of other ways. Fatigue, particularly after meals, is a frequent complaint, as the body struggles to absorb nutrients. Weight loss and delayed growth in children can also be signs of untreated coeliac disease. Other symptoms may include anaemia (due to iron deficiency), osteoporosis (stemming from poor calcium absorption), and mouth ulcers.
Dermatological Symptoms
Some individuals with coeliac disease may develop a skin condition known as dermatitis herpetiformis. This rash is typically itchy and blistering, appearing most commonly on the elbows, knees, back, and buttocks. The rash is often symmetrical and can be quite painful. It acts as an external indicator of gluten intolerance and can be alleviated by adhering to a strict gluten-free diet.
Neurological Symptoms
Coeliac disease can also affect the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as headaches or migraines, balance problems, and nerve damage symptoms like numbness or tingling in the hands and feet (known as peripheral neuropathy). Some sufferers may also experience cognitive issues such as brain fog or difficulty concentrating, impacting daily activities and quality of life.
Reproductive Symptoms
In women, coeliac disease can cause menstrual irregularities, infertility, or recurrent miscarriages. Pregnant women with untreated coeliac disease are at a higher risk of complications such as preterm birth and low birth weight. It is crucial for women experiencing these symptoms to consult with a healthcare professional for appropriate testing and management.
Conclusion
Coeliac disease presents a wide range of symptoms that can affect various parts of the body. Early diagnosis and management through a gluten-free diet can significantly improve quality of life for those affected. If you suspect you have coeliac disease, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is coeliac disease?
Coeliac disease is a condition where the immune system attacks your own tissues when you eat gluten. This damages your gut (small intestine) so you cannot take in nutrients.
What are the common symptoms of coeliac disease?
Common symptoms include diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, indigestion, and constipation.
Can coeliac disease cause weight loss?
Yes, unintentional weight loss can occur due to poor absorption of nutrients.
Is fatigue a symptom of coeliac disease?
Yes, fatigue and weakness are common symptoms due to nutrient deficiencies.
Can coeliac disease cause skin problems?
Yes, dermatitis herpetiformis, a rash that itches and blisters, is associated with coeliac disease.
Are mouth ulcers a symptom of coeliac disease?
Yes, recurring mouth ulcers can be a symptom of coeliac disease.
What are the neurological symptoms of coeliac disease?
Symptoms can include headaches, 'foggy mind,' balance problems, and nerve damage.
Do children with coeliac disease show different symptoms than adults?
Yes, symptoms in children can include failure to thrive, delayed puberty, and irritability.
Can coeliac disease cause joint pain?
Yes, joint pain and inflammation are possible symptoms.
What gastrointestinal symptoms are linked with coeliac disease?
Symptoms include chronic diarrhoea, constipation, bloating, gas, and abdominal pain.
Can coeliac disease lead to anaemia?
Yes, iron-deficiency anaemia is common due to poor nutrient absorption.
Is nausea a sign of coeliac disease?
Yes, nausea and vomiting can be symptoms.
Can coeliac disease affect mental health?
Yes, it can lead to symptoms such as depression and anxiety.
Are there any reproductive health issues associated with coeliac disease?
Yes, it can cause infertility and irregular menstrual cycles in women.
How soon after consuming gluten do symptoms appear?
Symptoms can appear within a few hours to a few days after consuming gluten.
Useful Links
Useful links from: Coeliac Disease Explained - Gluten Sensitivity - A to Z of the NHS - Dr Gill
- NHS - Coeliac Disease Comprehensive information from the NHS about coeliac disease, including symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and guidance on living with the condition.
- Coeliac UK The UK's leading charity for people with coeliac disease, providing support, resources, and advocacy for those affected by gluten-related disorders.
- NHS - Gluten Sensitivity Information from the NHS on gluten sensitivity, including symptoms, diagnosis, and management of non-coeliac gluten sensitivity.
- Guts UK A charity focusing on digestive health, offering information and support on various gut issues, including coeliac disease and gluten sensitivity.
Useful links from: Coeliac Disease: Session 1: What is Coeliac Disease?
- NHS - Coeliac disease Official NHS page on Coeliac disease, explaining what it is, symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options available.
- Coeliac UK - What is Coeliac disease? Comprehensive information from Coeliac UK, a leading charity, on what Coeliac disease is, including symptoms, diagnosis, and managing the condition.
- Coeliac UK - Newly diagnosed Dedicated section by Coeliac UK for those newly diagnosed with Coeliac disease, offering guidance and support for understanding and managing the condition.
- NHS Inform - Coeliac disease A reliable resource from NHS Inform providing detailed information on Coeliac disease, including symptoms, diagnosis, and how to live with the disease.
Useful links from: Diagnosing Coeliac Disease Updated 2021
- NHS - Coeliac disease This NHS page provides comprehensive information about coeliac disease, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and living with the condition.
- Coeliac UK - Diagnosis Coeliac UK offers detailed guidance on how coeliac disease is diagnosed, including what to expect from a blood test and biopsy.
- NICE - Coeliac disease: recognition, assessment and management (NG20) The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline NG20 covers the recognition, assessment, and management of coeliac disease.
- Guts UK - Coeliac Disease Information Guts UK provides information on coeliac disease, its symptoms, how it is diagnosed, and the treatments available.
Useful links from: Living Well with Coeliac Disease
- NHS - Coeliac disease Overview of coeliac disease including symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and living with the condition from the National Health Service (NHS).
- Coeliac UK - Living with Coeliac Disease Comprehensive resource on living with coeliac disease provided by Coeliac UK, the charity dedicated to supporting those with the condition and their families.
- NHS - Coeliac disease: Foods to avoid Advice on foods to avoid with coeliac disease and substitutes that are available, from the NHS.
- Coeliac UK - Gluten-Free Diet Information on maintaining a gluten-free diet and lifestyle from Coeliac UK, including guidance on food labeling and eating out.
Useful links from: Coeliac disease
- NHS - Coeliac Disease The NHS page on Coeliac Disease provides comprehensive information about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and living with the condition.
- Coeliac UK Coeliac UK is a charity that offers support, information, and resources for those affected by coeliac disease. Their website features guides on gluten-free living, research updates, and membership benefits.
- NHS - Gluten-Free Diet This NHS page provides detailed information about gluten-free diets, including tips for managing coeliac disease through dietary changes and ensuring nutritional balance.
- Gluten Free Food Trust The Gluten Free Food Trust is a UK-based charity dedicated to advocating for those with coeliac disease. They offer information on finding safe foods, navigating social situations, and the latest on gluten-free research.
Useful links from: Causes of coeliac disease
- NHS - Coeliac disease Provides information on the causes of coeliac disease, including genetic factors and how the immune system reacts to gluten.
- Coeliac UK - What causes coeliac disease? Explains the factors that may contribute to the development of coeliac disease, focusing on genetic predisposition and environmental triggers.
- NHS Inform - Coeliac Disease Offers comprehensive details on coeliac disease, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
- Coeliac UK - Coeliac Disease: Symptoms and Diagnosis Provides information on the various symptoms of coeliac disease and how it is diagnosed, as well as factors that can aggravate the condition.
Useful links from: NHSGGC - What is Coeliac Disease?
- NHS - Coeliac disease Comprehensive guide on coeliac disease provided by the NHS, covering symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and living with the condition.
- Coeliac UK - What is coeliac disease? Detailed information about coeliac disease from Coeliac UK, a leading charity for people with the condition. Includes resources for diagnosis, diet, and support.
- Gluten Free Society UK - Coeliac disease Resources and support provided by the Gluten Free Society UK, focusing on the causes, symptoms, and management of coeliac disease.
- British Dietetic Association - Coeliac disease Professional guidance from the British Dietetic Association on managing coeliac disease, including dietary advice and nutritional information.
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