Symptoms of coeliac disease

Symptoms of Coeliac Disease

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Coeliac disease primarily affects the digestive system, leading to a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms. Commonly reported symptoms include persistent diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bloating, and excessive flatulence. Some individuals may also experience nausea, vomiting, or constipation. These symptoms can range from mild to severe, and they often flare up after consuming gluten-containing foods such as bread, pasta, and cakes.

Non-Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Aside from gastrointestinal issues, coeliac disease can manifest in a number of other ways. Fatigue, particularly after meals, is a frequent complaint, as the body struggles to absorb nutrients. Weight loss and delayed growth in children can also be signs of untreated coeliac disease. Other symptoms may include anaemia (due to iron deficiency), osteoporosis (stemming from poor calcium absorption), and mouth ulcers.

Dermatological Symptoms

Some individuals with coeliac disease may develop a skin condition known as dermatitis herpetiformis. This rash is typically itchy and blistering, appearing most commonly on the elbows, knees, back, and buttocks. The rash is often symmetrical and can be quite painful. It acts as an external indicator of gluten intolerance and can be alleviated by adhering to a strict gluten-free diet.

Neurological Symptoms

Coeliac disease can also affect the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as headaches or migraines, balance problems, and nerve damage symptoms like numbness or tingling in the hands and feet (known as peripheral neuropathy). Some sufferers may also experience cognitive issues such as brain fog or difficulty concentrating, impacting daily activities and quality of life.

Reproductive Symptoms

In women, coeliac disease can cause menstrual irregularities, infertility, or recurrent miscarriages. Pregnant women with untreated coeliac disease are at a higher risk of complications such as preterm birth and low birth weight. It is crucial for women experiencing these symptoms to consult with a healthcare professional for appropriate testing and management.

Conclusion

Coeliac disease presents a wide range of symptoms that can affect various parts of the body. Early diagnosis and management through a gluten-free diet can significantly improve quality of life for those affected. If you suspect you have coeliac disease, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.