Can breastfeeding cause jaundice?

Can Breastfeeding Cause Jaundice?

Jaundice is a common condition in newborns, characterised by a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. This occurs when there's a build-up of bilirubin, a yellow substance produced during the normal breakdown of red blood cells. While jaundice is mainly a physiological condition and generally harmless, there are questions regarding its link to breastfeeding, particularly within the first two weeks of birth.

In the UK, breastfeeding is highly encouraged due to its numerous health benefits for both mother and child. However, it is important to understand the nuances around breastfeeding-related jaundice, which is often referred to as "breast milk jaundice" or "breastfeeding jaundice."

Breastfeeding Jaundice

Breastfeeding jaundice occurs in the first week of life, usually when the baby is not getting enough breast milk. This can be due to various reasons, including difficulties with latching, infrequent feeds, or delayed milk production. The lack of sufficient milk leads to a reduction in bowel movements, which impairs the elimination of bilirubin from the body, subsequently leading to its increase.

Breast Milk Jaundice

In contrast, breast milk jaundice usually appears later, often after the first week and is attributable to certain substances in the breast milk that slow the processing of bilirubin in some infants. It can persist for several weeks or even months but is generally harmless. Babies with breast milk jaundice are typically healthy, thriving, and need no treatment other than continued breastfeeding and monitoring.

Managing Jaundice While Breastfeeding

If jaundice is diagnosed, and it's suspected to be related to breastfeeding, healthcare providers in the UK recommend frequent breastfeeding to promote regular bowel movements, which aid in reducing bilirubin levels. Ensuring proper latch and effective breastfeeding techniques with guidance from a lactation consultant can be highly beneficial.

In cases where the jaundice is more pronounced or prolonged, phototherapy may be advised. This involves exposing the baby to a type of fluorescent light that helps break down bilirubin in the skin. In rare situations, if jaundice is caused by factors unrelated to breastfeeding, further medical evaluation might be necessary.

Conclusion

While breastfeeding can be associated with jaundice, it is critical to note that breastfeeding itself is rarely the direct cause. Instead, it may be related to difficulties and challenges in the early days of initiating breastfeeding. The benefits of continued breastfeeding far outweigh the risks, and with proper support and management, most cases of jaundice can be effectively managed, allowing the baby to receive all the nutritional and health benefits of breast milk. Parents concerned about jaundice in their newborn should always consult with their healthcare provider for tailored advice and guidance.