What are the symptoms of jaundice in a baby?

What are the Symptoms of Jaundice in a Baby?

Jaundice is a common condition that affects newborn babies, typically appearing within the first week of life. It is characterised by a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. This condition occurs when there is a high level of bilirubin in the blood, which is a yellow pigment produced during the normal breakdown of red blood cells. Here, we explore the symptoms of jaundice in babies to help parents and caregivers recognise the condition early on.

The primary symptom of jaundice in babies is a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes. This yellowing often starts on the face and then can spread down to the chest, belly, legs, and the whites of the eyes. Parents might notice this colour change under natural daylight as artificial lighting can sometimes affect the visibility of the skin colour.

In addition to the noticeable yellow tint, other symptoms might indicate jaundice in a baby:

Dark Urine: While newborns usually have light-coloured urine, a baby with jaundice might have urine that is darker than usual. This is due to the excess bilirubin being excreted.

Pale-Coloured Stools: A newborn with jaundice might pass stools that are much lighter or paler than usual. Healthy newborn stools are typically yellow or orange, so any deviation towards a pale colour might suggest jaundice.

Lethargy: Babies with jaundice might seem unusually tired, sleepy, or lethargic. They may sleep more than expected or have difficulty waking up. This can be challenging, as newborns naturally sleep a lot, but any significant changes in activity levels should be noted.

Poor Feeding: A baby affected by jaundice might not feed well or show little interest in feeding. Poor feeding can lead to dehydration and exacerbate jaundice, so it is important to keep track of your baby's feeding habits.

While jaundice is often a temporary and mild condition, it is important for parents to monitor these symptoms carefully. In some cases, jaundice can lead to more serious health issues if not treated, such as kernicterus, a form of brain damage. Therefore, it is recommended that if you notice any signs of jaundice in your baby, you contact your healthcare professional promptly. In the UK, this would typically involve reaching out to your midwife, health visitor, or GP.

Healthcare providers may use a simple blood test to determine the level of bilirubin in your baby's system and recommend appropriate treatment. Early detection and management are essential to ensure your baby remains healthy and happy.