Pressure ulcer prevention: A guide for patients, carers and healthcare professionals

A pressure ulcer, also known as a bed sore or pressure sore, is an injury to the skin and underlying tissue, primarily caused by prolonged pressure on the skin.

People who are immobile, have limited mobility, or are confined to a bed or wheelchair are most at risk. Elderly individuals, those with poor nutrition, and individuals with conditions like diabetes are also at higher risk.

Prevention strategies include regularly changing positions, using pressure-relieving devices, maintaining good nutrition, and keeping the skin clean and dry.

It is generally recommended to reposition at least every 2 hours for individuals in bed and every 15-30 minutes for those in a wheelchair.

Early signs include redness, warmth, and pain in the affected area. The skin may also feel firmer or softer than the surrounding tissue.

If you suspect a pressure ulcer, seek advice from a healthcare professional immediately to receive appropriate treatment and prevent further damage.

Mild pressure ulcers can often be managed at home with proper care, but it's essential to seek advice from a healthcare professional. Severe or infected ulcers may require more intensive medical treatment.

Good nutrition is crucial for maintaining healthy skin and aiding in the healing process. A balanced diet with adequate protein, vitamins, and minerals can help prevent pressure ulcers.

There are various pressure-relieving products such as special mattresses, cushions, and pads designed to reduce pressure on vulnerable areas.

Hospitals take many precautions to prevent pressure ulcers, but they can still occur, especially in patients who are critically ill or immobile.

Pressure ulcers are classified into four stages based on their severity, ranging from Stage 1 (red, unbroken skin) to Stage 4 (deep injury involving muscle and bone).

Yes, if not properly managed, pressure ulcers can lead to serious complications such as infections, sepsis, and extended hospital stays.

Carers play a vital role by helping with repositioning, ensuring cleanliness, providing proper nutrition, and monitoring skin condition regularly.

Yes, pressure ulcers can be quite painful, especially as they progress. Pain management is an important aspect of treatment.

Yes, the NHS provides guidelines, resources, and support for pressure ulcer prevention. Patients and carers can also access community services and healthcare professionals for assistance.