What is testicular cancer
Testicular cancer is a relatively rare but highly treatable form of cancer that develops in the testicles, the male reproductive organs responsible for producing sperm and testosterone. It most commonly affects younger men, typically between the ages of 15 and 35, though it can occur at any age. Testicular cancer often presents as a painless lump or swelling in one of the testicles, though other symptoms may include aching in the lower abdomen or scrotum, heaviness in the scrotum, or changes in testicular size or shape.
Causes of testicular cancer
The exact cause of testicular cancer is unknown, but risk factors include undescended testicle (cryptorchidism), family history of the disease, previous testicular cancer, and certain genetic conditions. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, ultrasound imaging, and blood tests to measure tumor markers. Treatment options include surgery to remove the affected testicle (radical inguinal orchiectomy), chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surveillance.
Treatments for testicular cancer
Due to its high cure rate, even when diagnosed at advanced stages, testicular cancer has one of the highest survival rates of all cancers. With early detection and prompt treatment, the prognosis for testicular cancer is excellent, with a five-year survival rate exceeding 95%. Regular testicular self-examinations and prompt medical attention for any abnormalities are important for early detection and successful treatment.
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