Where can abscesses form?

What is an abscess?

An abscess is a pocket of pus that forms when the body tries to fight an infection. It usually develops as a swollen, painful lump and may feel warm to the touch.

Abscesses can happen in different parts of the body. Some are easy to see on the skin, while others form deeper inside and may cause more general symptoms such as fever or feeling unwell.

Skin abscesses

One of the most common places for an abscess to form is just under the skin. These often start after bacteria enter through a cut, bite, blocked pore, or infected hair follicle.

Skin abscesses can appear anywhere, but they are often seen on the armpits, buttocks, groin, face, or limbs. They may become red, swollen, and painful before eventually draining pus.

In the mouth and teeth

Abscesses can also form in the mouth, especially around the teeth or gums. A dental abscess usually develops when tooth decay, gum disease, or an injury allows bacteria to get in.

These abscesses may cause severe toothache, swelling in the face or jaw, and pain when chewing. They should be checked by a dentist promptly, as untreated dental infections can spread.

Inside the body

Some abscesses form deeper in the body and are not visible from the outside. These can affect organs or spaces between tissues, such as the abdomen, liver, brain, or lungs.

Internal abscesses may cause symptoms like fever, chills, pain, tiredness, or swelling in the affected area. Because they are harder to spot, they often need scans or other tests to diagnose.

Around the anus and genital area

Abscesses can also develop around the anus or in the groin and genital area. These may be linked to blocked glands, infected skin, or conditions such as Crohn’s disease.

They can be very painful, especially when sitting or going to the toilet. Medical attention is important if the area becomes swollen, hot, or starts leaking pus.

When to get help

Most abscesses need treatment, and some may need to be drained by a healthcare professional. In the UK, you should contact your GP, NHS 111, or a dentist if you think you have an abscess.

Seek urgent help if you have a fever, severe pain, rapidly spreading redness, or trouble swallowing or breathing. These can be signs that the infection is getting worse or spreading.