What is an ultrasound used for?

What is an ultrasound?

An ultrasound is a scan that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of the inside of the body. It does not use radiation, which makes it a common first-choice test in many situations.

In the UK, ultrasound scans are widely used in hospitals, GP-referred clinics and maternity care. They are generally quick, painless and non-invasive.

What is an ultrasound used for?

Ultrasound is used to look at organs, tissues and blood flow. It can help doctors check for problems such as gallstones, kidney stones, cysts, lumps or inflammation.

It is also used to investigate pain, swelling or unusual symptoms. For example, a scan may help find the cause of abdominal pain or a lump in the neck, breast or soft tissue.

Ultrasound in pregnancy

One of the best-known uses of ultrasound is in pregnancy. It can be used to confirm a pregnancy, check the baby’s growth and estimate the due date.

Ultrasound also helps healthcare professionals see the baby’s position, heartbeat and development. In the UK, it is a routine part of antenatal care for many pregnant people.

Checking blood flow and the heart

Ultrasound can be used to assess blood flow through veins and arteries. This is useful if a doctor suspects a clot, narrowing or other circulation problem.

A type of ultrasound called Doppler ultrasound can also help assess the heart and blood vessels. It can provide important information without the need for an invasive procedure.

Guiding procedures

Ultrasound is often used to guide medical procedures. For example, it can help doctors place a needle accurately when taking a sample or giving an injection.

This makes some treatments safer and more precise. It may also reduce discomfort and lower the risk of complications.

What happens during the scan?

During an ultrasound, a gel is usually applied to the skin and a small handheld device called a transducer is moved over the area being examined. The device sends sound waves into the body and picks up the echoes to create images on a screen.

Most scans are completed within a short appointment. Depending on the area being checked, you may be asked to have a full bladder or avoid eating beforehand.

When might you need one?

A doctor may recommend an ultrasound if they need more information about your symptoms or if they want to monitor a condition over time. It is often used because it is safe, quick and readily available.

If you have been referred for an ultrasound in the UK, the reason will usually be explained before the appointment. The results can help guide the next step in your care.