Talking menopause with your GP

Menopause is a natural biological process that marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles. It is diagnosed after 12 months without a menstrual period and typically occurs in women in their late 40s to early 50s.

Common symptoms include hot flushes, night sweats, sleep disturbances, mood swings, weight gain, and vaginal dryness. These can vary in intensity and duration.

You should see your GP if you experience severe symptoms that affect your daily life, or if you have concerns about irregular menstrual bleeding or other health issues.

Treatments include hormone replacement therapy (HRT), lifestyle changes, and non-hormonal medications. Your GP can help determine which option is best for you.

HRT involves taking medications that contain female hormones to replace the ones your body no longer makes after menopause. It can help relieve symptoms like hot flushes and prevent bone loss.

HRT may increase the risk of certain conditions such as breast cancer, blood clots, and stroke. However, the benefits often outweigh the risks for many women. Discuss with your GP to make an informed decision.

Yes, healthy eating, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding triggers like caffeine and alcohol can help manage symptoms.

Some women find relief with natural remedies like phytoestrogens, black cohosh, and evening primrose oil, but their efficacy varies and they are not regulated like prescription medications. Discuss any supplements with your GP.

Symptoms can last for several years, typically around 4 to 7 years, but some women may experience them for a shorter or longer period.

Estrogen helps maintain bone density. When estrogen levels drop during menopause, women are at a higher risk for osteoporosis. Weight-bearing exercises, calcium, and vitamin D supplements can help maintain bone health.

Yes, menopause can affect mental health, leading to symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and mood swings. If you are struggling, talk to your GP about support and treatment options.

Any bleeding after menopause should be investigated by your GP, as it can be a sign of a more serious condition such as endometrial cancer.

While fertility decreases, it is still possible to become pregnant during perimenopause. Continue using contraception until you have gone 12 months without a period if you do not want to become pregnant.

The decline in estrogen levels can increase the risk of cardiovascular problems. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and regular check-ups with your GP are important.

Yes, if needed, your GP can refer you to a specialist, such as a gynaecologist or an endocrinologist, for further evaluation and management of menopause symptoms.