The symptoms of gonorrhoea

The Symptoms of Gonorrhoea

Overview

Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It is commonly known as 'the clap'. Gonorrhoea can infect both men and women and is readily transmitted through sexual contact. Understanding the symptoms of gonorrhoea is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment, especially considering the potential complications if left untreated.

Symptoms in Men

Men infected with gonorrhoea often experience symptoms within a couple of weeks of exposure. Common symptoms include:

• Urethral Discharge: A white, yellow, or green discharge from the penis is one of the hallmark signs. This discharge may be accompanied by discomfort or pain.
• Testicular Pain: Swelling and pain in one or both testicles may also be present. This can be an indication of complications and warrants immediate medical attention.
• Burning Sensation: Painful or burning sensations during urination are common, often indicating an infection in the urethra (urethritis).
• Frequent Urination: An increased urge to urinate, even if only small amounts are passed, can be noticed.

Symptoms in Women

In women, the symptoms of gonorrhoea can be more subtle and often mimic other infections, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs). They include:

• Vaginal Discharge: An unusual increase in vaginal discharge might occur. The discharge may be watery, creamy, or slightly green.
• Pelvic Pain: Pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis, which can be mistaken for menstrual cramps, is a possible symptom.
• Painful Urination: Much like in men, women may experience a burning sensation when urinating.
• Bleeding: Intermenstrual bleeding or spotting, especially after sexual intercourse, can occur.

Symptoms in Throat and Rectum

Gonorrhoea can also affect the throat and rectum if exposed to the bacteria. Symptoms in these regions include:

• Throat: A sore throat, often mild and easily mistaken for other causes like a common cold or streptococcal infection.
• Rectum: Symptoms such as discharge, anal itching, soreness, bleeding, or painful bowel movements can occur in those who have engaged in receptive anal intercourse.

Importance of Early Diagnosis

Early detection and treatment of gonorrhoea are vital to prevent complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women, epididymitis in men, and the possible spread of the infection to the blood or joints, leading to more severe health issues. If you suspect you have symptoms of gonorrhoea, it is important to seek medical advice and testing promptly.

In the United Kingdom, services such as the NHS Sexual Health Clinics offer confidential testing and treatment for gonorrhoea and other STIs. Using protection and having regular sexual health check-ups are effective ways to prevent the spread of this infection.