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Understanding Long Covid
Long Covid, also known as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), refers to the symptoms that persist weeks or months after the acute phase of a Covid-19 infection. As the UK continues to deal with the ongoing impact of the pandemic, understanding Long Covid has become essential. This condition affects a significant number of individuals, even those who initially had mild Covid-19 symptoms or were asymptomatic.
Symptoms of Long Covid
Individuals with Long Covid report a variety of symptoms that can significantly impact daily life. These may include fatigue, shortness of breath, cognitive impairment (often referred to as "brain fog"), joint pain, chest pain, heart palpitations, and altered taste or smell. Some also experience psychological effects like depression and anxiety. The variability and unpredictability of symptoms make Long Covid a challenging condition to manage.
Prevalence and Impact in the UK
In the UK, the Office for National Statistics has estimated that a substantial number of people are experiencing Long Covid symptoms. This condition affects individuals across all age groups, but studies suggest it may be more prevalent in women, middle-aged individuals, and those with pre-existing health conditions. Long Covid not only poses health challenges but also has significant socio-economic impacts, affecting individuals' ability to work and their quality of life.
Health Services and Support
The NHS has established post-Covid clinics across the UK to support those suffering from Long Covid. These clinics provide multidisciplinary care aiming to address the complex needs of the condition with tailored treatment plans. Support groups and online resources are also available to help individuals cope with the ongoing effects. Continued research is vital to better understand the mechanisms behind Long Covid and to find effective treatments.
Current Research and Future Directions
Ongoing studies in the UK and globally aim to uncover the underlying causes of Long Covid and develop targeted therapies. Researchers are investigating the role of the immune system, viral persistence, and other factors that might contribute to prolonged symptoms. The development of vaccines and treatments that specifically target Long Covid will be crucial in reducing its prevalence and alleviating the burden on affected individuals and the health system.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Long Covid?
Long Covid, also known as post-COVID-19 syndrome, is a condition where people continue to experience symptoms of COVID-19 for weeks or months after the initial infection has cleared.
What are common symptoms of Long Covid?
Symptoms of Long Covid can include fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain or tightness, problems with memory and concentration ('brain fog'), and joint pain, among others.
How is Long Covid diagnosed?
There is no specific test for Long Covid. Diagnosis is based on a patient's history of COVID-19 infection and persistent symptoms that cannot be explained by another condition, and usually involves consultation with healthcare professionals.
Who is at risk for Long Covid?
Anyone who has had COVID-19 can potentially develop Long Covid, regardless of the severity of the initial infection. Some studies suggest that women, older adults, and those with underlying health conditions may be more susceptible.
Can children get Long Covid?
Yes, children can also develop Long Covid, though cases appear to be less common than in adults. Their symptoms may include fatigue, persistent cough, and difficulty concentrating.
How long does Long Covid last?
The duration of Long Covid is variable. Some people recover in a few weeks, while others experience symptoms for many months. Research is ongoing to understand why it affects people differently.
What should I do if I think I have Long Covid?
If you suspect you have Long Covid, it's important to speak with a healthcare professional. They can help assess your symptoms and create a management plan tailored to your needs.
Is there treatment for Long Covid?
There is no standard treatment for Long Covid yet, but symptom management and rehabilitation can help. Healthcare professionals may recommend medications, physical therapy, and mental health support based on individual symptoms.
How can I manage fatigue related to Long Covid?
Managing fatigue involves balancing rest and activity, practicing good sleep hygiene, and gradually increasing physical activity under medical guidance.
Can vaccines help prevent Long Covid?
While research is ongoing, some studies suggest that vaccination may reduce the risk of developing Long Covid or improve symptoms in those already experiencing it.
What resources are available for Long Covid sufferers in the UK?
The UK has established Long Covid clinics to support patients. The NHS provides resources and support for those dealing with Long Covid.
How does Long Covid affect mental health?
Many individuals with Long Covid experience anxiety, depression, or PTSD. Mental health support, such as counseling or therapy, can be beneficial.
Are there any lifestyle changes that help with Long Covid symptoms?
Healthy eating, regular physical activity tailored to your energy levels, avoiding alcohol and smoking, and stress management techniques can support recovery.
Is Long Covid contagious?
Long Covid is not contagious. It is a condition that occurs after the acute phase of the COVID-19 infection has passed.
What research is being done on Long Covid?
Extensive research is underway to understand the causes, risk factors, and effective treatments for Long Covid. This includes government-backed studies and international collaborations.
Useful Links
Useful links from: Clearing Your Chest with Breathing Exercises
- NHS - Breathing exercises to do at home This NHS page provides guidance on breathing exercises you can do at home to help clear your chest and improve lung function, especially important for people recovering from COVID-19.
- British Lung Foundation - Chest clearing techniques The British Lung Foundation offers a detailed guide on chest clearing techniques, which include step-by-step instructions and videos to help people with respiratory conditions.
- Asthma UK - Breathing exercises for asthma Asthma UK provides information on breathing exercises that can help manage asthma symptoms, improve lung function, and clear mucus from the chest.
- Cystic Fibrosis Trust - Airway clearance techniques The Cystic Fibrosis Trust outlines various airway clearance techniques that are essential for people living with cystic fibrosis to keep their lungs clear of mucus.
Useful links from: Chest infection: what should I do?
- NHS - Chest Infection Comprehensive guide by the NHS on understanding chest infections, their symptoms, treatments, and when to seek medical help.
- British Lung Foundation - Chest Infections Information provided by the British Lung Foundation on causes, symptoms, and management of chest infections.
- NHS Inform - Chest Infection NHS Inform offers detailed information on chest infections, including self-care tips, and when to seek further medical advice.
- Asthma + Lung UK - Respiratory Infections Asthma + Lung UK's advice on managing respiratory infections, including chest infections, particularly for those with existing lung conditions.
Useful links from: Bronchiolitis and chest infections in young children - Prof Steve Turner
- NHS - Bronchiolitis in Children This page on the NHS website provides comprehensive information about bronchiolitis in children, including symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
- NHS - Chest Infections in Children Detailed overview from the NHS on chest infections in children, covering symptoms, treatments, and when to seek medical attention.
- Asthma + Lung UK - Bronchiolitis Asthma + Lung UK provides advice and information regarding bronchiolitis in young children, focusing on symptoms, management, and care.
- Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) - Parent and Carer Resources The RCPCH offers a bronchiolitis care pathway guide aimed at parents and carers, providing practical information and support for managing the condition in young children.
Useful links from: Chest clearance techniques
- NHS: Chest Physiotherapy Official NHS page detailing chest physiotherapy techniques, which can help clear mucus and improve breathing.
- British Lung Foundation: Chest Clearance Techniques British Lung Foundation provides information on various chest clearance techniques and how they can assist with respiratory conditions.
- Asthma UK: Clearing Mucus from the Lungs Asthma UK offers guidance on different methods to clear mucus from the lungs for better respiratory health.
- Cystic Fibrosis Trust: Airway Clearance Techniques Cystic Fibrosis Trust explains airway clearance techniques tailored for individuals with cystic fibrosis to help maintain lung health.
Useful links from: Had a cough for three weeks or more? It could be a warning sign | NHS
- NHS - Cough NHS page on different types of cough, their causes, and advice on when to see a healthcare professional.
- British Lung Foundation - Chronic Cough British Lung Foundation provides information on chronic cough, including causes, symptoms, and when to seek medical advice.
- NHS - Lung Cancer Symptoms NHS page detailing symptoms of lung cancer, which includes persistent coughing of three weeks or more as a key warning sign.
- Cancer Research UK - Lung Cancer Symptoms Cancer Research UK provides comprehensive information on the symptoms of lung cancer, emphasising the importance of early detection.
Useful links from: What should you do if you have a cough or cold?
- NHS - Cough NHS guide on coughs, including symptoms, treatment and when to seek medical advice.
- NHS - Common Cold NHS information on the common cold, covering symptoms, treatments, and prevention methods.
- British Lung Foundation - Cough British Lung Foundation page offering advice and support if you're suffering from a cough.
- NHS - Self care for common illnesses NHS page discussing self-care tips and treatments for common illnesses, including coughs and colds.
Useful links from: How do I treat my child's cold? (9 - 30 months) | NHS
- NHS - Symptoms of a cold in babies and children Learn about the symptoms of a cold in babies and children and how to care for them when they are unwell.
- NHS - Your pregnancy and baby guide: Caring for a baby with a cold This guide provides detailed advice on spotting signs of serious illness and caring for a baby with a cold.
- NHS - Colds, coughs, and ear infections in children Understand how to treat colds, coughs, and ear infections in children with advice from the NHS.
- BabyCentre UK - How to treat a cold in toddlers BabyCentre UK offers tips and advice on how to treat a cold in toddlers, providing practical solutions and comfort measures.
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- Ergsy carfully checks the information in the videos we provide here.
- Videos shown by Youtube after a video has completed, have NOT been reviewed by ERGSY.
- To view, click the arrow in centre of video.
- Most of the videos you find here will have subtitles and/or closed captions available.
- You may need to turn these on, and choose your preferred language.
- Go to the video you'd like to watch.
- If closed captions (CC) are available, settings will be visible on the bottom right of the video player.
- To turn on Captions, click settings .
- To turn off Captions, click settings again.