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Just the flu? | NHS
Understanding the Flu
Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects the respiratory system. Unlike the common cold, the flu can lead to severe health complications. It spreads through droplets from coughs and sneezes, and can be contracted by touching contaminated surfaces. Symptoms typically include fever, chills, muscle aches, cough, congestion, runny nose, headaches, and fatigue.Why the Flu Isn't "Just" the Flu
Many people underestimate the severity of the flu, dismissing it as just a bad cold. However, the flu can lead to serious health issues, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young children, pregnant women, and individuals with chronic health conditions. Complications can include pneumonia, bronchitis, sinus infections, and, in extreme cases, can be fatal.Prevention and Vaccination
Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the flu. The NHS offers free flu vaccines to eligible groups, including people aged 50 and over, people with certain health conditions, and frontline health and social care workers. Good hygiene practices, such as washing hands regularly, using tissues when sneezing or coughing, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals, also help to reduce the spread of the flu.When to Seek Medical Advice
If you suspect you have the flu and are experiencing severe symptoms, or if you are in a high-risk group, it's important to seek medical advice. The NHS 111 online service can provide guidance on your symptoms and whether you need to see a doctor. Call 999 or visit A&E if you have difficulty breathing, chest pain, or sudden confusion.Conclusion
The flu is more than just a minor inconvenience; it can be a serious health threat. Understanding the importance of prevention, recognizing symptoms, and knowing when to seek medical help can make a significant difference in managing the flu. Stay informed and take proactive steps to protect yourself and others.Frequently Asked Questions
What is the flu?
Flu, or influenza, is a common infectious viral illness spread by coughs and sneezes. It's not the same as the common cold.
What are the symptoms of the flu?
Flu symptoms include a sudden fever, body aches, tiredness, dry cough, sore throat, headache, and difficulty sleeping.
How does the flu spread?
The flu spreads mainly by droplets made when people with flu cough, sneeze or talk, which can be inhaled by people nearby.
How can I prevent the flu?
You can help prevent the flu by getting the flu vaccine, practicing good hand hygiene, and avoiding close contact with sick people.
Who is eligible for a free flu vaccine?
In the UK, free flu vaccines are offered to people over 65, pregnant women, primary school children, and people with certain health conditions.
Can the flu be treated with antibiotics?
No, antibiotics do not work against viral infections like the flu.
What should I do if I have the flu?
If you have the flu, rest and sleep, keep warm, drink plenty of water, and take paracetamol or ibuprofen to lower a high temperature and relieve aches.
How long does the flu last?
Most people recover from the flu within a week, although you may feel tired for longer.
When should I see a doctor for the flu?
See a doctor if you have a high fever that doesn't go down, confusion, chest pain, or if your symptoms don't improve after seven days.
Can I catch the flu more than once?
Yes, because the flu virus changes regularly, you can catch it multiple times as immunity to one strain does not protect against another.
What is the difference between a cold and the flu?
Colds are generally milder than flu, with symptoms such as a runny nose and sore throat. Flu has more severe symptoms like high fever and muscle aches.
Is it safe to get a flu vaccine during pregnancy?
Yes, it is safe and recommended to get the flu vaccine during pregnancy to protect both the mother and the baby.
Can the flu vaccine give me the flu?
No, the flu vaccine cannot give you the flu. It contains an inactivated virus that cannot cause illness.
How effective is the flu vaccine?
The flu vaccine's effectiveness varies each year but generally reduces the risk of flu illness by 40-60% among the overall population.
Are there any side effects of the flu vaccine?
Common side effects of the flu vaccine include a sore arm, mild fever, and muscle aches, which usually go away within a few days.
Useful Links
Useful links from: Flu can be fatal
- NHS - Flu Comprehensive information on flu including symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention provided by the UK's National Health Service.
- NHS - Flu vaccine Detailed guidance on the flu vaccine, who should get it, and why it's important to prevent serious flu-related complications.
- British Lung Foundation - Influenza Resources and support for individuals with lung conditions to understand the impacts of flu and how to stay protected, provided by the British Lung Foundation.
- Asthma UK - Flu (influenza) Advice for those with asthma on how to manage flu, potential complications, and the importance of vaccination, provided by Asthma UK.
Useful links from: Symptoms of flu (influenza)
- NHS - Flu NHS page providing comprehensive information on flu symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
- British Lung Foundation - Flu British Lung Foundation's guide to flu, its symptoms, and how it can affect those with lung conditions.
- Patient.info - Flu Symptoms Patient.info's detailed leaflet on influenza, covering symptoms and treatment options.
- Asthma UK - Flu and People with Asthma Asthma UK's advice for people with asthma regarding flu symptoms, prevention, and management.
Useful links from: Treating flu (influenza)
- NHS - Flu Treatment Official NHS page providing comprehensive information on symptoms, causes, treatments, and prevention of flu (influenza).
- NHS - How to Treat Flu NHS guide detailing practical advice on treating flu at home, including rest, hydration, and medication.
- British Lung Foundation - Understanding Flu Information from the British Lung Foundation on managing flu, particularly for individuals with pre-existing lung conditions.
- Patient.info - Flu Patient.info's comprehensive guide on flu, including symptoms, treatment options, and prevention tips.
Useful links from: What are the symptoms of flu ?
- NHS - Flu NHS page providing comprehensive information on flu symptoms, treatment, and prevention.
- British Lung Foundation - Flu British Lung Foundation resource offering guidance on flu symptoms, risks, and how to protect yourself.
- Asthma UK - Flu and Asthma Asthma UK resource discussing the symptoms of flu and its impact on people with asthma.
- NHS Inform - Flu Symptoms NHS Inform page detailing flu symptoms, including how to differentiate it from the common cold.
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