Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) research

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by the thickening and scarring (fibrosis) of lung tissue without a known cause.

Common symptoms of IPF include shortness of breath, a persistent dry cough, fatigue, unexplained weight loss, and clubbing (widening and rounding) of the fingertips or toes.

IPF is diagnosed through a combination of clinical evaluation, lung function tests, high-resolution CT scans, and sometimes a lung biopsy to rule out other conditions.

The exact cause of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is unknown, hence the term 'idiopathic.' However, genetic and environmental factors, such as smoking and exposure to certain dusts, may play a role.

Currently, there is no cure for IPF. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and slowing disease progression through medications, pulmonary rehabilitation, and sometimes lung transplantation.

Two antifibrotic medications, nintedanib and pirfenidone, are commonly used to slow the progression of IPF. Other treatments may include oxygen therapy and medications to manage symptoms.

Yes, lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, eating a balanced diet, staying active, and managing stress can help improve overall health and quality of life for individuals with IPF.

Support for people with IPF in the UK includes specialist respiratory care teams, support groups, charities like Action for Pulmonary Fibrosis, and financial aid for necessary treatments.

Pulmonary rehabilitation helps IPF patients by providing exercise training, education, and support to improve physical fitness, reduce symptoms, and enhance overall quality of life.

Risk factors for developing IPF include age (usually affects people over 50), a family history of IPF, smoking, and occupational exposure to certain dusts and pollutants.

There is no known prevention for IPF, but reducing risk factors such as avoiding smoking and harmful exposures may lower the likelihood of developing the disease.

IPF significantly impacts life expectancy, with average survival from diagnosis ranging from 3 to 5 years, though this can vary widely depending on individual circumstances and treatment response.

A multidisciplinary team, including physicians, nurses, physiotherapists, and social workers, collaborates to provide comprehensive care, manage symptoms, and support IPF patients and their families.

Ongoing research on IPF includes studying the disease's underlying mechanisms, developing new treatments, and conducting clinical trials to find more effective therapies.

To participate in IPF research or clinical trials, you can speak with your healthcare provider, check with specialist IPF centres, or visit the UK Clinical Trials Gateway for information on current studies.