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Neurophysiology EEG Patient Information
What is an EEG?
An Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity of your brain. Small sensors, called electrodes, are attached to your scalp to detect tiny electrical charges produced by brain cells. The resulting brain wave patterns are recorded and can help diagnose a variety of neurological conditions.
Why Might I Need an EEG?
EEGs are commonly used to investigate epilepsy and other seizure disorders. They can also help diagnose sleep disorders, head injuries, brain infections, degenerative diseases, and brain tumours. Your doctor may recommend an EEG if you are experiencing symptoms such as persistent headaches, unexplained fainting spells, or memory problems.
How to Prepare for an EEG
In the days leading up to your EEG, avoid consuming caffeine as it can affect brain activity. Ensure your hair is clean and free of oils, sprays, or creams on the day of the test, as greasy hair can interfere with the electrodes. Continue to take your prescribed medications unless advised otherwise by your doctor.
What to Expect During the EEG
An EEG is non-invasive and painless. You will be asked to lie down and relax while a technician places electrodes on your scalp. You may be asked to open and close your eyes, breathe deeply, or look at a flashing light during the test. The EEG typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes, although it may be longer if a sleep EEG is required.
After the EEG
Once the test is complete, the electrodes will be removed, and you can go about your daily activities as normal. There are no after-effects from the test, and you can resume driving and returning to work immediately. The results will be analysed by a neurologist and discussed with you at a follow-up appointment.
Getting Your Results
Your EEG results will usually be ready within a week. If the test was conducted as part of an emergency, your doctor might request an expedited analysis. The neurologist will review the brain wave patterns for any abnormalities that could indicate a specific neurological condition and will explain what the results mean for your health and potential treatment options.
Important Considerations
If you have any concerns or require special assistance on the day of your EEG, do not hesitate to contact the hospital or clinic beforehand. Always follow medical advice and attend all scheduled appointments to ensure the best care and accurate diagnosis.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is an EEG?
An EEG, or electroencephalogram, is a test that measures the electrical activity of your brain using small sensors attached to your scalp.
Why do I need an EEG?
An EEG can help diagnose conditions such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and other brain-related conditions by capturing the electrical signals in the brain.
How should I prepare for my EEG?
Before your EEG, avoid consuming caffeine for 8-12 hours. Wash your hair with shampoo but do not use conditioner or oils. Continue taking your medication unless otherwise instructed by your doctor.
Can I eat or drink before the EEG?
Yes, you can eat and drink as usual before the test. However, avoid any foods or drinks with caffeine as it can affect the results.
Will the EEG hurt?
No, an EEG is a painless test. The sensors attached to your scalp only record electrical activity and do not emit any electrical charges.
How long does an EEG take?
An EEG test usually takes about 1 to 2 hours, including preparation time. The actual recording of brain activity usually lasts 20 to 40 minutes.
What should I wear to my EEG appointment?
Wear comfortable clothing, but avoid any metallic accessories or hairstyles that involve hair products. It is best to leave jewellery at home.
Can I drive after an EEG test?
Yes, you can usually drive after an EEG, unless you are advised otherwise by your doctor. If you were given sedation for the test, you should arrange for someone to drive you home.
Will I need to stay overnight for an EEG?
Typically, an EEG is an outpatient procedure, meaning you won't need to stay overnight unless it combines with other tests requiring observation.
What happens during the EEG?
During the EEG, you will be asked to lie down or sit comfortably. Small sensors (electrodes) will be attached to your scalp, and the recording will begin. You may be asked to do simple tasks such as breathing deeply or looking at flashing lights.
Are there any side effects of an EEG?
EEGs are very safe with minimal risks. Some people might experience slight skin irritation where the electrodes were attached, but this is temporary.
When will I get my EEG results?
The results of your EEG will usually be available within a few days. Your consultant will discuss the findings with you and explain what they mean.
Can children have an EEG?
Yes, children can have an EEG. The procedure is safe and painless for patients of all ages. Specific instructions will be provided for preparing your child for the test.
What if I fall asleep during an EEG?
Falling asleep during an EEG is not uncommon and can actually be useful, since it may help capture different types of brain activity. Some EEG tests might even specifically require you to sleep.
Will my medication affect my EEG results?
Some medications can affect EEG results. It is important to provide a full list of current medications to your doctor. Do not stop taking your medications unless instructed.
Useful Links
Useful links from: Electrocardiogram ECG
- NHS: Electrocardiogram (ECG) This NHS page provides comprehensive information about ECG tests, including what they are used for, how they are performed, and what to expect from the results.
- British Heart Foundation: Understanding ECGs The British Heart Foundation offers detailed information on ECGs, explaining their importance in diagnosing heart conditions and offering guidance on results interpretation.
- Arrhythmia Alliance: FAQs on ECG Arrhythmia Alliance provides answers to frequently asked questions about ECGs, including their role in detecting arrhythmias and other heart-related issues.
- British Cardiovascular Society: ECG Learning Resources The BCS offers educational resources and guides on interpreting ECGs, aimed at both healthcare professionals and those interested in learning more about electrocardiology.
Useful links from: Epilepsy research: EEG | NHS
- NHS - Epilepsy Comprehensive information on epilepsy including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and living with the condition as provided by the NHS.
- Epilepsy Research UK A charity dedicated to funding and encouraging research into epilepsy, aiming to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the condition.
- Young Epilepsy A UK charity focused on children and young people with epilepsy, providing research, support, and resources for affected individuals and their families.
- NHS - EEG (electroencephalogram) Detailed information about EEG tests, which are used to detect abnormalities in brain waves, including their purpose, procedure, and what to expect during the test, as provided by the NHS.
Useful links from: What happens when my child has an EEG?
- NHS - Electroencephalogram (EEG) Overview of what an EEG is, why it's done, how to prepare your child, and what happens during and after the procedure from the NHS.
- Young Epilepsy - What is an EEG? Detailed information about EEG tests, including what they are, how they're performed, and what parents can do to prepare their child, provided by Young Epilepsy.
- Epilepsy Society - Tests and Scans Comprehensive guide from the Epilepsy Society on EEG tests for children, including what happens before, during, and after the test.
- Epilepsy Action - EEG Test Information on how an EEG is used to diagnose epilepsy, what to expect during the test, and how to prepare your child, provided by Epilepsy Action.
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