How to care for someone with chicken pox

How to Care for Someone with Chicken Pox

Identifying Chicken Pox

Chicken pox, caused by the varicella-zoster virus, is a common illness in the UK, especially among children. It typically presents as an itchy rash with red spots and fluid-filled blisters. Symptoms also include fever, fatigue, and loss of appetite. It's essential to correctly identify chicken pox early to begin appropriate care.

Isolating the Patient

Chicken pox is highly contagious, so isolation is crucial. The individual should stay at home and avoid contact with non-infected people for about 5-7 days from the onset of the rash until all the blisters have crusted over. This helps to prevent the spread of the infection.

Relieving Itching

The itching can be severe. To alleviate it, use anti-itch lotions such as calamine lotion or antihistamine medications recommended by a pharmacist. Cool baths with added baking soda or colloidal oatmeal can also provide relief.

Managing Fever and Pain

Paracetamol is generally recommended to reduce fever and pain. Avoid giving aspirin to children due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome, which can be serious.

Maintaining Hydration and Nutrition

It's important to encourage the patient to drink plenty of fluids such as water, fruit juices, and soups to stay hydrated. Soft foods are best if mouth sores are present. A balanced diet helps in quicker recovery.

Preventing Scratching

Scratching can lead to infections and scarring. Keep the patient's nails trimmed short and consider using mittens for younger children. Distraction through activities or entertainment might also reduce the urge to scratch.

Monitoring Secondary Infections

Keep an eye on any signs of bacterial infection like increased redness, swelling, warmth, or pus at the site of blisters. If you notice these symptoms, seek medical advice promptly.

Seeking Medical Advice

Consult a healthcare professional if the patient has a weakened immune system, is pregnant, over 12 years old, or if there are complications such as breathing difficulties or persistent high fever.

Preventing Future Outbreaks

Consider vaccination for chicken pox, especially for those who haven't had it, to protect against future infections. In the UK, the NHS provides the chickenpox vaccine for those in high-risk categories.