Anxiety and depression - www.slam.nhs.uk

Anxiety is a feeling of unease, such as worry or fear, that can be mild or severe. It is a normal response to stress or danger, but it can become a problem if it's excessive or prolonged.

Common symptoms of anxiety include restlessness, a sense of dread, feeling on edge, difficulty concentrating, and physical symptoms like dizziness, palpitations, and sweating.

Depression is a low mood that lasts for a long time and affects your everyday life. It can range from feeling persistently sad to feeling hopeless, worthless, and at worst, suicidal.

Symptoms of depression include continuous low mood, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and feelings of guilt or worthlessness.

Anxiety and depression are common mental health issues. In the UK, it's estimated that 1 in 6 people will experience a common mental health issue each week.

There is no single cause, but factors can include genetics, brain chemistry, life events, and personal circumstances. Often, a combination of factors is involved.

Yes, both conditions can be treated. Treatment options include talking therapies like CBT, medications such as antidepressants, lifestyle changes, and self-help strategies.

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a talking therapy that helps you manage problems by changing the way you think and behave. It's commonly used to treat anxiety and depression.

Medications, such as antidepressants, can be effective for many people. They help by balancing chemicals in the brain that affect mood and emotions. Always consult a GP or psychiatrist before starting any medication.

You can talk to your GP, who can refer you to specialist services such as the South London and Maudsley (SLaM) NHS Foundation Trust. There are also helplines and support groups available.

Yes, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, good sleep hygiene, and reducing alcohol and caffeine intake can help improve symptoms.

Self-help strategies include mindfulness, relaxation techniques, setting realistic goals, and connecting with others. Resources like books, apps, and online forums can also be helpful.

Yes, it's normal to feel anxious during stressful events. Anxiety is a natural response to real or perceived threats, but it should lessen once the situation improves.

Yes, children and teenagers can experience anxiety and depression. It's important to recognize the signs early and seek appropriate help from healthcare professionals.

Encourage them to speak to a GP or mental health professional, offer your support, listen without judgment, and provide information about available resources.