Heart Failure : Symptoms of heart failure

Heart Failure: Understanding the Symptoms

What is Heart Failure?

Heart failure, also known as congestive heart failure, is a condition where the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is diminished. This can result from various underlying health issues such as coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, or previous heart attacks. In the United Kingdom, heart failure affects nearly 900,000 people, leading to significant impacts on overall health and quality of life.

Common Symptoms of Heart Failure

Recognising and understanding the symptoms of heart failure is crucial for timely intervention and management. The symptoms can vary depending on the severity and progression of the disease.

Shortness of Breath

One of the most common symptoms of heart failure is shortness of breath. This may occur during physical activity, but as the condition advances, it can also happen during rest or while sleeping. The sensation of breathlessness is due to fluid accumulation in the lungs, resulting from the heart's impaired ability to pump effectively.

Fatigue and Weakness

Individuals with heart failure often experience extreme fatigue and persistent weakness. This occurs because the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, resulting in reduced oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues.

Swelling (Edema)

Fluid retention is another hallmark symptom of heart failure. This can lead to swelling in the ankles, feet, legs, and abdomen. The swelling, known as edema, occurs because the heart's decreased pumping capacity causes fluid to accumulate in the tissues.

Persistent Cough or Wheezing

A chronic cough or wheezing, particularly at night or when lying down, can be indicative of heart failure. This is often caused by fluid build-up in the lungs, which irritates the airways.

Rapid or Irregular Heartbeat

Heart failure can lead to palpitations or a rapid, irregular heartbeat as the heart attempts to compensate for its diminished efficiency. Patients may feel their heart racing or fluttering uncomfortably.

Reduced Ability to Exercise

People with heart failure often find it difficult to engage in physical activities they once enjoyed. Even light exercise can cause undue fatigue and shortness of breath, making it challenging to maintain an active lifestyle.

Cognitive Impairment

In some cases, reduced blood flow to the brain can cause difficulties with concentration and memory, leading to issues with cognition and mental clarity.

Conclusion

Understanding the symptoms of heart failure is essential for early detection and effective management. If you or someone you know in the UK exhibits these symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical advice promptly. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can significantly improve quality of life and outcomes for those living with heart failure.